Pathophysiological Characteristics of Myelodysplastic Syndromes in Patients Residing in Brazzaville, Republic of Congo
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Abstract
Myelodysplastic syndromes (MDS) are rare hematological malignancies often affecting the elderly. Globally, this disease accounts for 13% of cancerous blood diseases. MDS is generated by bone marrow dysfunction characteristic of ineffective hematopoiesis and the disorder of exogenous factors, including vitamin B12. The objective of this work is to study the pathophysiological characteristics of myelodysplastic syndromes in patients living in Brazzaville. The calculation of the hospital frequency of MDS, the haemogram, the myelogram, the selective grouping of blood cells by the cell profiler software, as well as the dosage of Vitamin B12, are the methods that allowed the realization of this work. Thus, the hospital frequency of MDS in Brazzaville is 4, 92%; the pathophysiological characteristics of MDS are marked by the morphological appearance of blood cells which reveals mostly the presence of metamyelocytes with banded nuclei and pleicaryocytes; The excess or deficiency of Vitamin B12 observed in MDS, is not responsible for its unexpected occurrence, it is therefore appropriate to remember that MDS contribute to the deformation of immune cells and that VIT B12 has no close relationship with the development of MDS.
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